"This trailer is a little small. Have you got something larger?"
Asteroids Can Have Magnetic Fields
It has been found that asteroids can have magnetic fields. This was quite a surprise. Planets have magnetic fields due to a moving molten metal core. Mercury has a very strong field. The reason for this is not yet known.
Vesta is a large asteroid with a diameter of 525 kilometer. It was first identified in 1807 by Heinrich Wilheim Olbers. It is the most easily seen asteroid from Earth. Smaller asteroids hit Vesta and some of the debris falls to Earth. The fallen "rocks" can be linked to Vesta because they have the same spectral color match.
Vesta is unusual for an asteroid as it once had a crust, mantle and molten metal core. The orbiting dawn spacecraft/satellite confirms this. It is now frozen and no longer active. A meteor named Alan Hills A81001 composed of Vestan crust fell to Earth in the Arctic. When it was analysed it was found to have a weak magnetic field. The original crust gained a magnetic field when it cooled 3.7 billion years ago. An impact a billion years later hit the frozen crust. This melted and refroze some crust which resulted in magnetism being transferred, imprinted, on rock which became the Alan Hills meteor.
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Science
A Great Australian Dies
An outspoken man has died with little fanfare and hardly a report in the media. Yet this man spoke out about injustice in Australia all his life. His name was Arthur Murray. Australians once lived longer than people anywhere else - the white people that is. "Blackfellas" died young and they could not even vote.
Aboriginal men were hired at very low rates of pay in outback cotton fields. Arthur worked with them. Pesticides were dropped directly on top of them, planes flying so low the workers had to quickly lie face down in the mud. The white pilots didn't care. In 1973 thousands of dead fish floated in the Namoi River, killed by pesticides.
Arthur had had enough. He went on strike with other Aboriginals. Five hundred disgruntled men marched through the center of Wee Waa. The local newspaper said they were radicals. They were called boongs and niggers, though many had vomited in the fields after spraying and some suffered from permanent coughing. Their tents were burnt and they went hungry.
Arthur was targeted by police. They trumped up a charge of trespassing on the property of the Returned Serviceman's Club. In court he made a statement that was to start a movement and change Australian law. He said that all of Australia was Aboriginal land so he had the right to go anywhere. Police hatred continued. His son was arrested for drunkenness and died mysteriously in a cell. Arthur managed to get his son's body exhumed and it was shown that he died from a broken sternum - he was beaten to death.
The police didn't win though. Even today police say the Wee Waa station is haunted by Eddie Murray's ghost. They asked the Aboriginals to do a "smoke Out" cleansing of the cell. They refused.
A man who came at the right time to change things, Arthur Murray died at the age of 70. The life expectancy of Aboriginal men is 45 years.
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Science
Spider Eats Bird
Is it safe to go out? Well maybe not. A spider was seen eating a bird in Cairns, north Queensland.
The golden orb weaver spider usually eats insects. It is a step up for it to consume a bird. The bird had flown into the spider's web and become weak. Then the spider attacked it.
Golden orb spiders grow much larger than the one shown in the photograph. Though they were not thought capable of eating a whole bird.
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Science
Damage From Hurricanes and Tornadoes Still Not Foreseen
Natural disasters on this planet cause human pain and suffering. This includes financial loss from destroyed properties. The science in forecasting such events is still developing. Tornadoes are very unpredictable. Hurricanes move slower; yet the amount of damage is still an unknown quantity.
The whole history of the US has included repeated "attacks" by hurricanes and tornadoes. Tracking of these events began in 1873 with the first hurricane warning by the U.S. Army Signal Corps. Advances were made in understanding flooding from storm surges. This did not prevent the most destructive hurricane of 1900 hitting without warning killing 12,000 citizens.
In 1943 a pilot was sent into the eye of a hurricane. This marked the beginning of an intensive period of study into natural weather events. Ultimately, hurricane forecast models were developed. The 1960s saw the first use of satellites. In 1975 the Saffir-Simpson scale rating hurricane strength of one to five was formulated by two scientists. Consequently, the number of lives lost fell. Twenty three people died during Hurricane Andrew in 1992. The amount of damage remained high - $26 billion. Building better levees after Hurricane Katrina of 2005 only resulted in flooding of regions further along the coast during Hurricane Isaac.
Predicting the paths of hurricanes and tornadoes is improving. There seems to be little hope of reducing property damage. The is a difficult conundrum to accept. Even Mankind cannot overcome every problem.
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Science
Who Is Spoilt Mr Forrest?
Andrew Forrest chairman of Fortescue Metals Group has been a critic of the mining tax. This appears to be for mainly selfish reasons though he does claim that the tax will reduce investment in the mining sector. He does not come across as a caring person and worrying about the future economic welfare of other Australians seems to be far from his thoughts.
It is odd that when people criticize others the name calling seems to apply more appropriately to the caller than the target. When he calls environmentalists "spoilt children" a good look at him shows he is the spoilt one. As well as mining he is a farmer, so he often faces harassment from greenies.
Being a free society Mr Forrest has a right to say this, or say anything else that intends to bring all environmentalists down. However, a cursory glance at Andrew Forrest makes one feel that there isn't much in his almost empty head apart from a dollar sign.
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Politics
Animal To Human Transplants Allowed in Australia
An old joke: Do you want a new heart? Then get one from a gorilla - "grunt!"
This is not a joke any longer. Australia has just given the go ahead for animal-to-human transplants. This is a turn around from the outright banning of such transplants in 2004. There are two conditions: one, a monitoring system must be in place: and two, there must be a patient register. New Zealand allowed transplants in 2005. The first "transplant" involved implanting insulin producing pig cells into volunteer diabetics.
This change has happened when direct research on animals such as chimpanzees is being reduced because tests can more effectively be done in a test tube. Results in many instances are quite different for chimpanzees, for example. This was discovered in AIDs research when chimpanzees didn't get AIDs. They became carriers of the disease. Animals are proving more useful when material at a cellular level is transplanted. Using animals as hosts is far more beneficial than just infecting them and seeing what happens. Soon, infusion of material to patients suffering from Parkinson's disease will begin.
The medical world is hoping that research done in Australia will be of a high standard and will add to knowledge about new medical techniques. Great care is needed in housing animals such as pigs in sterile environments. It is hoped that improved transplant success from animals will reduce the waiting lists for organ transplants.
This is not a joke any longer. Australia has just given the go ahead for animal-to-human transplants. This is a turn around from the outright banning of such transplants in 2004. There are two conditions: one, a monitoring system must be in place: and two, there must be a patient register. New Zealand allowed transplants in 2005. The first "transplant" involved implanting insulin producing pig cells into volunteer diabetics.
This change has happened when direct research on animals such as chimpanzees is being reduced because tests can more effectively be done in a test tube. Results in many instances are quite different for chimpanzees, for example. This was discovered in AIDs research when chimpanzees didn't get AIDs. They became carriers of the disease. Animals are proving more useful when material at a cellular level is transplanted. Using animals as hosts is far more beneficial than just infecting them and seeing what happens. Soon, infusion of material to patients suffering from Parkinson's disease will begin.
The medical world is hoping that research done in Australia will be of a high standard and will add to knowledge about new medical techniques. Great care is needed in housing animals such as pigs in sterile environments. It is hoped that improved transplant success from animals will reduce the waiting lists for organ transplants.
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Science
Higher Carbon Levels in Sea Water Changes Hermit Crab Behavior
More research is proving that the theory of animals becoming bolder with climate is correct. Sea water is retaining more carbon dioxide. This is altering the body chemistry of some animals.
Tests were done on the hermit crab and a "toy" of its main predator the octopus. In a laboratory, hermit crabs were split into two group and put into aquariums. The water in one aquarium was at a pH of 7.6; the other had a pH of 7.1. This may seem to be only a small amount of difference in acidity but it was significant on behavior.
The flicking of antennae (testing for danger of preying animals) and oxygen levels were measured. The hermit crabs in the more acidic pH 7.1 water flicked their antennae less often. Crabs in the 7.6 aquarium definitely responded much quicker when a toy octopus was dipped into the water.
Visitors at the Third International Symposium on the Ocean in a High-CO2 World had a good laugh at the crab behavior. A more serious problems could be the declining level of safe hermit crab abodes. Higher acidity is dissolving abandoned shells that hermit crabs jump into and carry around as homes.
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Marine Biology
Mothers Keep the DNA of Their Sons
Mothers keep the DNA of their children in their system for a lifetime, particularly the genes of male offspring. The DNA resides in the mother's brain. It is not know what the overall effect is on a woman. It was found, however, that presence of male DNA reduced the incidence of Alzheimer's.
All mammals exchange DNA in this way. It is called fetal microchimerism and has bad effects as well as good. While improving disease resistance it can lower autoimmune reactions.
http://www.tysaustralia.blogspot.com/All mammals exchange DNA in this way. It is called fetal microchimerism and has bad effects as well as good. While improving disease resistance it can lower autoimmune reactions.
Until recently humans were not known to have microchimerism, though other animals such as rats did. Autopsies on middle aged deceased woman found male DNA spread throughout the brain. A 101 year old lady had DNA present even at her advanced age.
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Science
Pensioners Hoarding Is a Witch Hunt
I live and spend money in Australia. Rarely do I get a $100 note in change. Indeed, the economy seems to be flooded with $50 bills. Most people carry a wallet full of them. Despite being completely ruined if folded (they keep the crease for ever), the government keeps destroying the old and releasing new $50 notes.
Now, for someone like a former Reserve Bank official to make the absurd claim that pensioners are hoarding their savings in $100 bills in order to keep their pensions, really takes the cake. What fox hole does he live in? It is just as easy to hoard in fifties as it is in one hundreds, particularly when they come brand spanking new from ATM machines.
Peter Mair is so sure he is right that he is writing to Reserve Bank governor Glenn Stevens. He wants pensioner discounted car registrations, council rates and discount phone rentals stopped forthwith. Ask for a pensioner discount on your telephone line rental and you'll get a belly laugh back. It just does not happen. You can put down you have broadband, but Social Security wants to see a copy of the actual account before you to get a few dollars extra from them.
Make it harder to hoard, Mr Mair says. Print dollar bills again and don't circulate large denomination notes. The result would be people pushing wheel barrow loads of cash around to do their weekly shopping. It would take a bold Australian government to adopt the "cashless" society system of Singapore. Though Australians use cards for most transactions many still like the idea of cash in their pockets. Peter Mair thinks the feel of cash can be met by leaving metal coins in circulation. If he would just look around the shops he would find people at checkouts trying to dump the heavy pocket loads of valueless coins for notes.
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Science
Cat in New Zealand Falls Five Stories and Walks Away
A New Zealand cat falls from a great height and lives!
Alison and Graham Pike live a quite life in an apartment on Auckland's viaduct. They had no idea that their tabby cat, Camo, would become a celebrity. Spending life on an apartment balcony can be quite dangerous. One small slip and you fall a very long way. And Camo did fall.
It is not actually a free-fall from the balcony - there are things in the way to block the fall. The cat either jumped onto the glass balustrade then fell on to the tarseal, or ducked under the balustrade then slid off and fell further. A balcony lower down sticks out more than the fifth level balcony so the cat would have bounced off that before finally landing at ground level. In all it must have been like an obstacle course for the cat.
Well, the outcome was a broken jaw and three broken teeth. Mr and Mrs Pike were informed by security staff that their cat was under the restaurant sofa and its mouth was bleeding.
The cat has learned something though - It doesn't go out on the balustrade anymore. You see it is new to this way of living. The couple only moved into the apartment with their cat 15 months ago. Living high up is much different than living at ground level.
Alison and Graham Pike live a quite life in an apartment on Auckland's viaduct. They had no idea that their tabby cat, Camo, would become a celebrity. Spending life on an apartment balcony can be quite dangerous. One small slip and you fall a very long way. And Camo did fall.
It is not actually a free-fall from the balcony - there are things in the way to block the fall. The cat either jumped onto the glass balustrade then fell on to the tarseal, or ducked under the balustrade then slid off and fell further. A balcony lower down sticks out more than the fifth level balcony so the cat would have bounced off that before finally landing at ground level. In all it must have been like an obstacle course for the cat.
Well, the outcome was a broken jaw and three broken teeth. Mr and Mrs Pike were informed by security staff that their cat was under the restaurant sofa and its mouth was bleeding.
The cat has learned something though - It doesn't go out on the balustrade anymore. You see it is new to this way of living. The couple only moved into the apartment with their cat 15 months ago. Living high up is much different than living at ground level.
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Science
Sauropods Were Ideally Suited to Grow Large
The largest animals ever to roam the Earth were sauropod dinosaurs in the Jurassic and Cretaceous eras. They did not eat meat. Despite having to constantly eat grass and leaves the heaviest reached 50 tonnes.
The periods going back from the present are Cenozoic, Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic and Paleozoic. The last four are grouped into the Mesozoic era. It is in this general broad time frame that the gigantic dinosaur arose and died off.
Though for the most part these creatures walked with their heads in an horizontal position, for feeding it is presumed that they reached up vertically to feed on young branches and leaves high in the trees. Other herbivores could not reached up to this rich food source. Mammals had not yet risen. Giraffes appeared much later.
Having plenty of food meant the sauropods could evolve and become very large. Their bones were light and with a small head the neck became long. They swallowed food whole so they had tiny jaw muscles. Food remained in the body a long time. This enabled thorough digestion of leaves and even some wood. Not masticating in itself left more energy to grow bigger.
They were bird-like, having an efficient respiratory system; thus the significant body heat was dissipated. The high basal metabolic rate meant they could live longer and survive to become adults and reproduce. Having many young from eggs maintains a species more effectively than the mammalian way of breeding.
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Science
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