Showing posts with label century. Show all posts
Showing posts with label century. Show all posts

New Dye was Adopted Quickly in the 18th Century

Despite this being a "scientific"age, not everything is known about the technology of the past.  New research shows that adoption of new things was quite rapid in the 19th century  For example, a dye was being used industrially only four years after its invention.
Methyl violet dye used to make a 19th century dress
Examination of purple threads from dresses by molecular spectroscopy shows that shows that it was widely used by consumers. Before synthetic dyes were developed only royalty could afford purple dresses as existing dyes were made from molluscs.

After analysis using thin layer chromatography, energy dispersive x-ray and enhanced Raman spectroscopy a dye was identified in three dresses as being methyl violet. It was invented in 1861 and in shops by 1865, Even today getting a new product to market is usually only done with computer related merchandise.
 Chemistry by Ty Buchanan 
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The Aim Is to Eradicate Polio

Smallpox was a serious problem in the 20th century. The World Health Organization declared in 1979 that smallpox was no longer a danger to the world's population. The aim has been to "silence" other diseases. It was hoped that polio could also be eradicated, but a stubborn region for this has remained in Pakistan. More cases were identified in Pakistan than in any other country in 2011.

The Edhi Foundation, a major charity, and the Pakistan government are working with the Global Polio Eradication Initiative to target the disease. Cases have fallen so that now Nigeria is the main trouble spot. There are fears that the progress could be short lived and figures could rise again.

Polio spreads far more easily than smallpox. The smallpox vaccine lasts for five years and is very effective. For the war on polio to be won, just about every person must be vaccinated. As the disease can only spread from person to person this goal must be achieved.
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